Solubility and Molarity by KZ

Solubility is a chemical property that relates to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent. The measure solubility is measured in terms of how much solute can be dissolved in a solvent. The solution that is left over is called a saturated solution. Molarity is a concentration unit, defined by the number of moles of solute divided by the number of liters of a solution. The reason why molar solubility is important is because we can measure the amount of solute that is dissolved in a specific substance, called the solvent.

Key Facts:

·         The molar solubility of a compound can be calculated directly from its solubility product.

·         Even if the solubility products of two compounds are similar, their molar solubility can be largely different.

·         A solute may refer to the dissolved substance in a solution.

·         The solubility of a substance depends on the mass of a solute, volume of a solvent, and temperature.

·         As temperature goes up, the solubility of the solid goes up.

·         A mixture with the same composition throughout is a homogeneous solution.

·         A solution in which water is the solvent is called an aqueous solution.

·         When two liquids are completely soluble in each other they are miscible.

·         Most gases become less soluble in water as the temperature increases.

·         Molarity= mol/L

Examples:

·         In a salt water solution, what would the salt be considered? Answer: Solute

·         When you stir cocoa powder into milk, what is the milk considered? Answer: Solvent

·         What is the molarity of a solution containing 0.32 moles of NaCl in 3.4 liters of solution? M= .032molNaCl/3.4solution= 0.094MNaCl

Questions:

·         What is the difference between molarity and solubility?

·         In the figure below, what solution is saturated?